1.4.1 Introduction
Different kind of Plastic products which are the derivative of crude oil are part of modern day life whether in developed rich countries or in poor developing countries like Nepal Nepal
At the moment, Laxmi Plastic Industries Pvt. Ltd (will be referred as LPI) is producing high quality high-density polythene pipes (HDPE) but plans to manufacture other plastic items in phased manner. LPI introduced PVC flooring carpet for short span of three years (2002-2005) but closed the PVC flooring unit due to heavy investments and market conditions. However LPI wants the option open once the conditions are improved. So the main item for the production will be HDPE pipes.
The company wants to upgrade the exciting three extruder machines & add two new machines namely 100 mm HDPE Extruder & 75 mm LD Film sheets this year. The market for all these products is domestic, but boarder trade to India
Industrial development is the backbone of every country for progress. How ever it is still at an infant stage in Nepal
1.4.2 The Major Products of the Laxmi Plastic Industry
Laxmi Plastic Industries Pvt. Ltd or LPI is a registered manufacturer of High Density polythene Pipes & other plastic products. The factory is conveniently located at Nepalgunj Industrial Area, Nepalgunj. LPI manufactured broad range of HDPE pipes (16 mm to 315 mm) under NS-40 to meet various needs on high–tech state of the art extruder machines to get high quality products with international standards specifications. The quality is controlled at every stage of productions and tested in well-equipped laboratory under close, regular & supervision of experienced and skilled technical staff.
The industry is licensed to produce following plastic products
a. 500 Metric Tons of Hdpe Pipes
b. 100 Metric Tons of pp sutali
c. 100 Metric Tons of LD mould, sheets
d. 100 Metric Tons of Injection mould products
e. 300000 meters of PVC flooring carpet
In the next few months capacity to produce HDPE pipes will be increased to 500 Tons and PP Sutali & Injection Mould will start productions.
1.4.3 Technical Aspects
Production Process in Brief
a. HDPE Pipes
Fresh HDPE granules are fed into the hopper of an extruder. The pipes are produced as per the die size of the extruder. The pipes are passed through a cooling tray and printers and cut into the desired length. This is a very simple process with only plastic granules, electricity and water required.
b. LD film
Plastic granules with about two percent master batch as per required coloring are fed through the extruder which will produce the plastic sheet in desired length & thickness.
1.4.4 Specification of HDPE Granules
a) Physical Unit Typical value
i) Density gm/sq cm 0.955
ii) Viscosity d1/a 3.5
iii) Melt Index gm/10min 0.4
b) Mechanical
Tensile strength or yield point kg/cm 240
Elongation at break % 7800
Elongation at yield point % 16
Yield streams n/sq mm 22
Ultimate tensile length n /sq mm 32
Flexural stress at 6 mm deflection n /sq mm 28
c) Thermal
i) Crystallite melting range oc 127-131
ii) Vicat Value oc 65
iii) Carbon content % 2.5
d) Electrical
i) Dielectric strength KV/cm 800
(Source: Laxmi Plastic Industries)
1.4.5 Size & Diamention
The company Manufactures pipes in different sizes ranging from 16 mm (3 lines) to 315 mm (12 Inch) outside diameter in 2.5 kg to 10 kg per sq cm pressure as per NS standard. The materials used in different sizes of pipe are given in the chart below. After upgrading the machines the company has started to produce pipes up to 315 mm (12 Inch).
| PIPE SIZE (Outside Diameter mm) | Series II 2.5Kg/sq.cm. | Series III 4Kg/sq.cm. | Series IV 6Kg/sq.cm. | Series V 10Kg/sq.cm. | |
| Avg.Wt. Kg/m | Avg.Wt. Kg/m | Avg.Wt. Kg/m | Avg.Wt. Kg/m | ||
| 16 mm 3 Line | | | | 0.092 | |
| 20 mm ½'' | | | | 0.134 | |
| 25 mm ¾'' | | | | 0.202 | |
| 32 mm 1'' | | | 0.226 | 0.334 | |
| 40 mm 1¼'' | | 0.251 | 0.350 | 0.514 | |
| 50 mm 1½'' | | 0.378 | 0.542 | 0.796 | |
| 63 mm 2'' | 0.403 | 0.585 | 0.850 | 1.269 | |
| 75 mm 2½'' | 0.557 | 0.846 | 1.191 | 1.782 | |
| 90 mm 3'' | 0.799 | 1.220 | 1.717 | 2.568 | |
| 110 mm 4'' | 1.185 | 1.703 | 2.545 | 3.801 | |
| 125 mm 4½'' | 1.530 | 2.289 | 3.293 | 4.962 | |
| 140 mm 5'' | 1.897 | 2.901 | 4.150 | 6.209 | |
| 160 mm 6'' | 2.453 | 3.773 | 5.355 | 8.079 |
(Source: Laxmi Plastic Industries)
1.4.6 Raw Materials
Raw materials for HDPE pipes are imported from India , Korea , Singapore
1.4.7 Colour
HDPE Pipes are black in color only because stabilization with carbon black has proved to be the most effective protection against the ultraviolet radiation and corrosion of all types. Also there is meter marking by different color for identification.
1.4.8 Life
HDPE Pipes manufactured by the company are NS-40 standard as well as ISO standard having a life span of 50 years at 27 degree centigrade and for a stress of 50 kg/ sq cm . The safe working stage is taken as 39.5-kg/sq cm.
1.4.9 Utilities
a. Water: - Plastic industries require a lot of water for cooling purpose. A deep tube well has been installed for providing sufficient water as per requirement.
b. Electricity: - At present there is a 250 KW transformer installed at the factory. There is a national sized power line of NEA, which supplies electricity. In case of power interruption there is a 125 KVA stand by generator.
c. Communication: - The factory premise is continently located along the near main road of Nepalgunj city. There is Telephone, fax, Email for easy communication.
1.4.10 Human Resource
The company have employees about 20-30 persons with various expertise. Additional sales persons and temporary workers are hired when needed. The organization chart is shown in appendix.
1.4.11 HDPE Pipes by LPI
As the motto suggests “The Quality That Lasts” the following the silent features of the pipes produced by LPI
a. Laxmi Pipes are extremely light but strong therefore greatly reduce the cost of transportation and installation.
b. Corrosion resistant
c. Excellent weight & impact resistant so these pipes can be used over a wide range of temperature (-40 to + 68 degree centigrade)
d. Can be supplied in larger lengths, as the number of connections can be reducing there by making long distance piping.
e. Having great elasticity. So they can take on reverse shock and expansions. This makes it possible to match consignations on ground, so special skill or alignments required.
f. Flexible, tough, long lasting yet the same time maintenance force.
g. Resistance to soils, chemicals and frost.
h. Smooth internal surface that insures effective discharge and high flow rate.
i. Free of harmful adhesives which ensure safety from biological point of view.
j. Having electrical insulating property so these pipes are suitable for all kind of electrical works, which needs pipes.
1.4.12 The Applications
a) Supply of water
b) Drainage and sewage
c) Disposal of all kinds of waste
d) Irrigation of all types
e) Disposal of plant efficient
f) Tube well installation & distribution system
g) Natural/ Biogas conveyance & distribution systems
h) Compressed air supply
i) Air-conditions & Ventilating units
j) Cable conductions for telephone & electricity.
1.4.13 Machineries & Equipments (HDPE Plant and Machineries)
1. 65 MM SCREW EXTRUDER (NEPTUNE CO.LTD CALCUTTA
a. 65 mm screw extruder 1set
b. A/C motor 8.5 hp 1set
c. Colouring screw machines 1set
d. DC motor with panel board 1set
e. Water tank 1set
f. Italian printing machine 1set
g. Take off 1set
h. 4 HP DC
i. Delta starter 1set
j. Main switch 1set
k. Heating Control panel 1set
2. 55 MM Screw Extruder (Parts Imported from India and Assembled in Nepal
a. 45 Mm screw extruder 1set
b. A/C motor 7.5 hp 1set
c. Coloring screw machines 1set
d. DC motor with panel board 1set
e. Water tank 1set
f. Printing machine (Aerobic India ) 1set
g. Take off 1set
h. 2 HP DC
i. Delta starter 1set
j. Main switch 1set
k. Heating Control panel 1set
3. 45 MM Screw Extruder (Neptune Co. Ltd Calcutta
a. 45 Mm screw extruder 1set
b. A/C motor 7.5 hp 1set
c. Coloring screw machines 1set
d. 2Hp DC motor with panel board) 1set
e. Water tank 1set
f. Italian Printing machine 1set
g. Take off 1set
h. 2 HP DC
i. Delta starter 1set
j. Main switch 1set
k. Heating control panel 1set
4. 100 MM Screw Extruder (Neptune Co. Ltd Calcutta
100 mm screw extruder 1set
a. A/C motor 45 hp 1set
b. Coloring screw machines 1set
c. DC motor with panel board 1set
d. Water tank 1set
e. Italian printing machine 1set
f. Take off 1set
g. 4 HP DC
h. Delta starter 1set
i. Main switch 1set
j. Heating Control panel 1set
(Note: - This 100 mm extruder has been newly installed)
5. Oven Capacity 300 Kg/hr 1set
6. Pipe Piece Cutter for Length Pipes 1set
7. AC Motor 4Hp with Starter 1set
8. Air Compressor 2set
9 Main Switch 1set
10 Starters 2set
11. Grinder for Scraps
a. Cutter 1set
b. Ac Motor 2 Hp with starter 1set
c. Grinder 1set
d. AC motor 1.5 KW 1set
12. 100 KW TRANSFORMER 1set
a. 150 KVA MCB 1set
b. Meter Recorder 1set
13. Main Switch 320A 1set
14. Starter & Motor 1set
15. Water Pump 9-14 A 1set
16. Testing Laboratory
a. Reversion Oven with Panel & Starter 1set
b. Water bath & Heating Process with panel 1set
c. Hydraulic Pressure Controller 1set
d. Weighting Balance (Super weight) 1set
e. Testing Plugs Several
f. Microscope 1set
g. Carbon Black Content test Machine 2set
h. Carbon Black Dispersion Apparatus 1set
17. Others
a. Head Dies 3set
b. Centering Dies Several
c. Seizers Several
d. Mendals Several
e. Bush Bars 2set
f. Drilling Machine 1set
g. Welding Machine 1set
18 75 MM LD Film Plant
(Plant for Plastic Sheets)
a. 75 MM Extruder 1set
b. DC Motor with Thysistor Drive 1set
c. Die-Lead 1set
d. Temperature Control panel 1set
e. Nip Roller Size Length 72” 1set
f. Rubber Roller & Avonight Rubber Roller 1set
g. Pin Ring 1set
h. Air Cooling Rings Several
i. Air- Compressor 1set
j. Nip Roller Take Off 1set
(Source: Laxmi Plastic Industries)
1.4.14 Objectives of Laxmi Plastic Industry
a. First priority is given for the quality of goods then the price.
b. Manufacture and process the goods at sound environmental conditions.
c. Social important by giving jobs for orphanage and poor villagers.
d. To manufacture and market the quality products at better price.
e. Fulfill demand of PVC pipe basically used in Nepal
f. Wastage minimization and minimization of pollution load (solid, liquid, gas).
g. It has given positive motivation for the local product but if not available it focused on import at better price.
1.4.15 Capital of the Laxmi Plastic Industry
The capital of the industry during the last five fiscal year was as follows:
In Rs.
Capital\Year 2062-063 2063-064 2064-065 2065-066 2066-067
Share Capital 3,000,000 3,000,000 3,000,000 3,000,000 10,000,000
Reserve & Surplus -17,66,662 -6,83,758 7,81,001 2,585,604 4,817,420
Total 12,33,338 23,16,242 37,81,001 55,85,604 1,48,17,420
(Source: Laxmi Plastic Industry, Annual Report)
Total capitalization fund of the industry was in increasing trend. Industry has added additional capital because it has not sufficient reserve and surplus.
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